The hot and all the hottests between Intel and Qualcomm about 5G seen in MWC 18

What are the benefits of these 5G and the standard 5G NR?Many people misunderstand that "the communication speed only increases?"To express the advantages of 5G greater, it is "speeding up communication speed, ultra -low delay, improving infrastructure flexibility".

Improving communication speed is the first advantage of 5G that is easy to understand.In 5G, it is assumed that the peak and downward transfer speed exceeding 10Gbps will be realized, and in fact MWC demonstrated a 3-4 Gbps downward transfer speed, exceeding the 2Gbps that can be realized in LTE.

There are some reasons why communication speeds exceeding 4G can be realized in 5G.One of the big ones is that it will be able to communicate using the 5g "millimeter wave", which is called "millimeter wave", using the ultra -wide band of over 28GHz.

5Gで下りの通信速度が速くなる、それを実現する技術(出典:ノキアソリューションズ&ネットワークス)

In the current LTE, etc., communication is actually used using a frequency of 3GHz or less in most countries, even though it is 6GHz or less called sub 6GHz.700-800MHz in Japan, 1.5GHz, 2GHz, 2.Although the frequency band of 5GHz is used, it will be possible to communicate at higher speed by assigning more than 28GHz millimeters to communication in the future.

However, the frequency of such ultra -wide bands such as millimeters has a strong radio wave, and the range that can be covered is more compared to sub 6GHz.For this reason, there is still a pinpoint cover of the city center, the highway, and the railway line, where there is no problem.

In 5G, these multiple frequency bands can be used up to eight carrier aggregation (CA), and by CA, including sub 6GHz, millimeters, and existing LTEs, a high -speed communication of 10Gbps down.It is a mechanism to realize.

高い信頼性で低遅延を実現する5G(出典:ノキアソリューションズ&ネットワークス)

And the second advantage of 5G is to achieve high reliability with a very low delay of 1 ms or less.This is called "URLLC (ULTRA-RELIABLE LOW LOW LATENCY COMMUNICATION)" and is realized by new network devices introduced on the 5G infrastructure side.

The 5G core is not a conventional hardware -based device, but a software base such as NFV (Network Functions Virtualization, virtual network equipment), SDN (Software Defined Networking), etc. built on general hardware like an IA server.It is a network environment.

In addition, the wireless part (RAN) can be replaced with radio defined in software called Flex Ran and the like, and these combined techniques achieve low delay.However, in that case, it is necessary to make the infrastructure a 5G native SA (strictly speaking, the NSA can be partially NFV).

NOKIA社のMWCでのデモ、遠隔地にある(この場合はそう見立てた)ロボットを、ディスプレイを経由してリモコンで操作する様子。リモコンにはハプティックも入っており、フォースフィードバックも実現されている

What can do when such a low delay is realized is that, for example, a remote control of a machine can be done via 5G.The Nokia booth, a network device vendor vendor, published the operation of operating the machine from a remote location using low delay.

When performed with Wi-Fi, the delay is large and it is not useful at all, but in 5G, it can be used for remotely surgery remotely and human operations remotely.

コアのデザインはNFVやSDNを利用して汎用のサーバーで実現されている

The third advantage is that if you use SA infrastructure, the flexibility of the network will be improved.By introducing NFV and SDN, the network device becomes a software base, so if you want to add new functions and services by a communication carrier, you can do it softly (there is a hardware resource that matches it.There is a condition that it is secured).

In 5G, even the wireless part is realized on the software base by Flex Ran, etc., so that it is possible to build very flexible services.

NTTドコモがMWCで行なっていたエッジコンピューティングのデモ。エッジに置かれたサーバー情報に送られた障害物のデータを元に自動運転車がそれをよけながら運行を行なっていたKDDIのエッジコンピューティングの概要説明、通信キャリア側でもエッジコンピューティングの取り組みが始まっている

For example, as the number of autonomous driving cars increases in the future, the number of data exchanged between automatic driving cars and automakers' cloud servers will increase.

According to intel predictions, the data generated by an autonomous car in 2020 is 4 per day..It's 5TB.3 in one day.The calculation is that one 5 -inch HDD is for one.At first, the number of automatic driving cars is small, so I think that it can be dealt with by filtering and sending it to some extent, but it is evident that if the number increases, the network will be punctured.

Therefore, a solution called "edge computing" is currently being considered, and once a special server called "edge server" is placed near the base station, then processed to some extent, and then sent it to the cloud server of the car manufacturer.That is the mechanism.

In the future, it is considered that a similar mechanism will still be required if you operate a drone or the like in 5G or distribute the video through a 5G line, but if it is a mechanism like 5G, an edge server is installed.NFV can do it softly.The feature of 5G is that it has such a flexibility.

If you look at it in this way, it will be high -speed communication for existing data terminals (smartphones, PCs, etc.), but in the future new type of data terminals called IoT devices will appear, which is highly reliable.The characteristics of low delay and flexible network configurations will be alive.